The largest share of Kenya’s electricity supply comes from Hydroelectric stations at dams along the upper Tana River, as well as the Turkwel Gorge Dam in the west.
A petroleum-fired plant on the coast, geothermal facilities at Olkaria (near Nairobi), and electricity imported from Uganda make up the rest of the supply.
Kenya’s installed capacity stood at 1,142 megawatts a year between 2001 and 2003.
Production:
•Hydro power- 70%
•Geothermal- 10%
•Oil thermal-
14%
•Others- 6%
Consumption:
•Wood fuel biomass- 68%
•Petroleum fuel- 22%
•Electricity- 9%
•Coal- 1%
Population of 40 million
Less than 10 % have grid Electricity
80% of power is by Hydro and Geothermal
Renewables:
Solar:
•Kenya receives daily insolation of 4-6kWh/m2.
•Solar utilization is mainly for Photovoltaic (PV) systems, drying and water heating.
•The Solar PV systems are mainly for telecommunication, cathodic protection of pipelines, lighting and water pumping.
Wind:
•Kenya’s wind installed capacity is 5.1 MW operated by KenGen at the Ngong site.
•The low exploitation level of the resource prompted the Government to develop the Feed-in Tariffs (FiT) Policy which provides for a fixed tariff not exceeding US Cents 12.0 per Kilowatt-hour of electrical energy supplied in bulk to the grid for wind generated electricity.
Geothermal:
•Geothermal resources in Kenya are located within the Rift Valley with an estimated potential of between 7,000 MWe to 10,000 MWe spread over 14 prospective sites.
•Geothermal has numerous advantages over other sources of power:
- it is not affected by drought and climatic variability
- has the highest availability, at over 95 %
- is green energy with no adverse effects on the environment
- indigenous and readily available in Kenya unlike thermal energy that relies on imported fuel.
•This makes geothermal the most suitable source for base load electricity generation in the country.
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